Eminyakeni yamuva nje, udaba lwe-myopia phakathi kwezingane nentsha luye lwaba lubi kakhulu, lubonakala ngesilinganiso esiphezulu sokwanda kanye nokuthambekela kokuqala kwentsha. Sekuyinkinga enkulu empilweni yomphakathi. Izici ezifana nokuthembela isikhathi eside kumadivayisi kagesi, ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi yangaphandle, ukulala ngokwanele, kanye nokudla okungalingani kuthinta intuthuko enempilo yombono wezingane nentsha. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula okuphumelelayo nokuvimbela i-myopia ezinganeni nasentsha kubalulekile. Umgomo wokuvimbela nokulawula i-myopia kuleli qembu leminyaka ukuvimbela i-myopia eqala ekuqaleni kanye ne-myopia ephezulu, kanye nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene ezivela ku-myopia ephezulu, kunokuqeda isidingo sezibuko noma ukwelapha i-myopia.
Ukuvimbela i-Myopia Esaqala:
Ekuzalweni, amehlo awakhuli ngokugcwele futhi asesimweni sokubona kude (i-hyperopia), esaziwa ngokuthi i-physiological hyperopia noma "i-hyperopic reserve." Njengoba umzimba ukhula, isimo sokubona kwamehlo kancane kancane sishintsha sisuka ku-hyperopia siye ku-emmetropia (isimo sokungaboni kude noma ukubona eduze), inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "i-emmetropization."
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamehlo kwenzeka ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Ukukhula Okusheshayo Ebuntwaneni (Ukuzalwa Kuze Kube Seminyakeni Emi-3):
Ubude obujwayelekile be-axial yeso losana luyi-18 mm. Amehlo akhula ngokushesha ngonyaka wokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa, futhi lapho eneminyaka emithathu, ubude be-axial (ibanga elivela ngaphambili kuya ngemuva kweso) buyanda cishe ngama-3 mm, okunciphisa kakhulu izinga le-hyperopia.
2. Ukukhula Okuhamba Kancane Ebusheni (Iminyaka Emi-3 Kuze Kube Umdala):
Phakathi nalesi sigaba, ubude be-axial bukhula cishe ngo-3.5 mm, futhi isimo sokubuyela emuva siyaqhubeka nokuya e-emmetropia. Lapho umuntu eneminyaka engu-15-16, ubukhulu bamehlo bucishe bufane nobudala: cishe (24.00 ± 0.52) mm kwabesilisa kanye (23.33 ± 1.15) mm kwabesifazane, nokukhula okuncane ngemva kwalokho.
Iminyaka yobuntwana kanye neyobusha ibalulekile ekukhuleni kokubona. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqala kwe-myopia kusenesikhathi, kunconywa ukuthi kuqalwe ukuhlolwa kokukhula kokubona njalo lapho uneminyaka emithathu, ngokuvakashela esibhedlela esidumile njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Ukutholwa kwe-myopia kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ngoba izingane ezithola i-myopia kusenesikhathi zingase zithuthuke ngokushesha futhi zinamathuba amaningi okuthola i-myopia ephezulu.
Ukuvimbela i-High Myopia:
Ukuvimbela i-myopia ephezulu kuhilela ukulawula ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia. Amacala amaningi e-myopia awazalwa nawo kodwa aqala kusukela ephansi kuya kwephakathi bese kuba yi-myopia ephezulu. I-myopia ephezulu ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ezifana nokuwohloka kwe-macular kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-retinal, okungase kubangele ukukhubazeka kokubona noma ngisho nokungaboni. Ngakho-ke, umgomo wokuvimbela i-myopia ephezulu ukunciphisa ingozi ye-myopia eqhubekela emazingeni aphezulu.
Ukuvimbela Imibono Engalungile:
Umbono Oyiphutha 1: I-Myopia Ingelapheka Noma Ibuyiselwe Emuva.
Ukuqonda kwezokwelapha kwamanje kukhomba ukuthi i-myopia ayinakuguqulwa. Ukuhlinzwa akukwazi "ukwelapha" i-myopia, futhi izingozi ezihlobene nokuhlinzwa zisekhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuwona wonke umuntu ofanelekela ukuhlinzwa.
Umbono Oyiphutha 2: Ukugqoka Izibuko Kuyenza I-Myopia Ibe Mbi Futhi Kubangele Ukuguquka Kwamehlo.
Ukungagqoki izibuko lapho i-myopic ishiya amehlo esesimweni sokungagxili kahle, okuholela ekucindezelekeni kwamehlo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kucindezeleka kungasheshisa ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia. Ngakho-ke, ukugqoka izibuko ezinikezwe udokotela ofanele kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukubona kude nokubuyisela ukusebenza okuvamile kokubona ezinganeni ezine-myopic.
Izingane kanye nentsha zisesigabeni esibucayi sokukhula nentuthuko, futhi amehlo azo asakhula. Ngakho-ke, ukuvikela umbono wazo ngokwesayensi nangokunengqondo kubaluleke kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, singakuvimbela futhi silawule kanjani ngempumelelo i-myopia?
1. Ukusetshenziswa Kwamehlo Okufanele: Landela Umthetho We-20-20-20.
- Njalo ngemizuzu engama-20 yesikrini, thatha ikhefu lemizuzwana engama-20 ukuze ubheke into eqhele ngamafidi angama-20 (cishe amamitha ayi-6). Lokhu kusiza ukuphumula amehlo futhi kuvimbele ukukhathala kwamehlo.
2. Ukusetshenziswa Okufanelekile Kwedivayisi Ye-elekthronikhi
Gcina ibanga elifanele kusuka ezikrinini, qinisekisa ukukhanya okuphakathi kwesikrini, futhi ugweme ukubuka isikhathi eside. Ukuze ufunde futhi ufunde ebusuku, sebenzisa izibani zedeski ezivikela amehlo futhi ugcine ukuma okuhle, ugcine izincwadi ziqhele ngamasentimitha angu-30-40 ukusuka emehlweni.
3. Khulisa Isikhathi Sokusebenza Ngaphandle
Ukusebenza ngaphandle amahora angaphezu kwamabili nsuku zonke kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi ye-myopia. Ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okuvela elangeni kukhuthaza ukukhishwa kwe-dopamine emehlweni, okuvimbela ukunwebeka okukhulu kwe-axial, okuvimbela ngempumelelo i-myopia.
4. Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo Okuvamile
Ukuhlolwa njalo nokubuyekezwa kwamarekhodi ezempilo yombono kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni i-myopia. Ezinganeni kanye nentsha enokuthambekela kwe-myopia, ukuhlolwa njalo kusiza ekutholeni izinkinga kusenesikhathi futhi kuvumele izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngesikhathi.
Ukuvela kanye nokuqhubeka kwe-myopia ezinganeni nasebancane kuthonywa yizici eziningi. Kumelwe sisuke emqondweni ongalungile wokuthi "sigxile ekwelashweni kunokuvimbela" futhi sisebenzisane ukuze sivimbele futhi silawule ngempumelelo ukuqala kanye nokuqhubeka kwe-myopia, ngaleyo ndlela sithuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila.
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