Empeleni izingane ziyakwazi ukubona kude, futhi njengoba zikhula amehlo azo nawo ayakhula aze afinyelele iphuzu lokubona “okuphelele”, okubizwa ngokuthi i-emmetropia.
Akukacaci ngokuphelele ukuthi yini ekhomba iso ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuyeka ukukhula, kodwa siyazi ukuthi ezinganeni eziningi iso liyaqhubeka nokukhula lidlule i-emmetropia bese liba nombono oseduze.
Empeleni, uma iso likhula isikhathi eside kakhulu ukukhanya okungaphakathi kweso kufinyelela ekugxilweni phambi kwe-retina kunokuba kugxile kwi-retina, okubangela umbono ofiphele, ngakho-ke kumelwe sigqoke izibuko ukuze sishintshe ama-optics futhi sigxilise ukukhanya kwi-retina futhi.
Uma siguga, sibhekana nenqubo ehlukile. Izicubu zethu ziyaqina futhi ilensi ayilungiseki kalula ngakho siqala ukulahlekelwa umbono oseduze.
Abantu abaningi asebekhulile kumele bagqoke ama-bifocal anamalensi amabili ahlukene - elilodwa lokulungisa izinkinga zokubona okuseduze kanye nelinye lokulungisa izinkinga zokubona okukude.
Namuhla, izingane ezingaphezu kwengxenye kanye nentsha eShayina aziboni kahle, ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwe yizikhungo zikahulumeni eziphezulu, olubize imizamo eqinile yokuvimbela nokulawula lesi simo. Uma uhamba emigwaqweni yaseShayina namuhla, uzobona ngokushesha ukuthi iningi lentsha ligqoka izibuko.
Ingabe inkinga yaseShayina kuphela?
Ngokuqinisekile akunjalo. Ukwanda kwesifo se-myopia akuyona nje inkinga yaseShayina, kodwa ikakhulukazi eMpumalanga Asia. Ngokusho kocwaningo olwanyatheliswa kuyi-Lancet medical journal ngo-2012, iNingizimu Korea ihamba phambili, ngo-96% wabantu abadala abasebasha abane-myopia; kanti izinga laseSeoul liphakeme nakakhulu. ESingapore, inani lingu-82%.
Iyini imbangela eyinhloko yale nkinga yomhlaba wonke?
Kunezici eziningana ezihlotshaniswa nezinga eliphezulu lokubona eduze; kanti izinkinga ezintathu eziphezulu zitholakala ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga ngaphandle, ukuntuleka kokulala ngokwanele ngenxa yomsebenzi onzima wangaphandle kanye nokusebenzisa ngokweqile imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi.
