Izingane zibona kude ngempela, futhi njengoba zikhula amehlo azo nawo akhula aze afinyelele iphuzu “eliphelele” lamehlo, elibizwa ngokuthi i-emmetropia.
Akukacaciswa ngokuphelele ukuthi yini ekhombisa iso ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuyeka ukukhula, kodwa siyazi ukuthi ezinganeni eziningi iso liyaqhubeka nokukhula lidlule i-emmetropia futhi zibona eduze.
Ngokuyisisekelo, lapho iso likhula lide kakhulu ukukhanya okungaphakathi kweso kufika ekugxileni phambi kwe-retina kunase-retina, okubangela ukubona okulufifi, ngakho kumelwe sigqoke izibuko ukuze sishintshe indlela yokubona futhi sigxilise ukukhanya ku-retina futhi.
Lapho sikhula, sibhekana nenqubo ehlukile. Izicubu zethu ziyaqina futhi ilensi ayilungiseki kalula ngakho siqala ukulahlekelwa ukubona eduze.
Abantu abaningi asebekhulile kufanele bagqoke ama-bifocal anamalensi amabili ahlukene-eyodwa yokulungisa izinkinga zokubona eduze kanye neyodwa ukulungisa izinkinga zokubona kude.
Namuhla, ngaphezu kwengxenye yezingane nentsha eShayina ibona eduze, ngokocwaningo olwenziwa izinhlangano eziphezulu zikahulumeni, ezicele ukuthi kwenziwe imizamo eqinile yokuvimbela nokulawula lesi simo. Uma uhamba emigwaqweni yaseChina namuhla, uzoqaphela ngokushesha ukuthi iningi lentsha ligqoka izibuko.
Ingabe inkinga yamaShayina kuphela?
Ngeke neze. Ukusabalala okukhulayo kwe-myopia akuyona nje inkinga yaseShayina, kodwa kuyinkinga ikakhulukazi yaseMpumalanga Asia. Ngokocwaningo olwanyatheliswa kujenali yezokwelapha i-Lancet ngo-2012, iNingizimu Korea ihamba phambili, njengoba u-96% wentsha ekhulile ine-myopia; futhi izinga laseSeoul liphezulu kakhulu. ESingapore, isibalo singama-82%.
Iyini imbangela yale nkinga yendawo yonke?
Izici eziningana zihlotshaniswa nezinga eliphezulu lokungaboni ngaso linye; kanye nezinkinga ezintathu eziphezulu zitholakala ukuntuleka kokuzivivinya kwangaphandle, ukuntula ubuthongo obanele ngenxa yomsebenzi osindayo wangemva kwesikole nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemikhiqizo kagesi.
